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John the Baptist ( ''Ioannēs ho baptistēs'' or Ἰωάννης ὁ βαπτίζων ''Ioannēs ho baptizōn'' 〔Lang, Bernhard (2009) ''International Review of Biblical Studies'' Brill Academic Pub ISBN 9004172548 Page 380 – "33/34 CE Herod Antipas's marriage to Herodias (and beginning of the ministry of Jesus in a sabbatical year); 35 CE – death of John the Baptist"〕〔) was a Jewish itinerant preacher〔Cross, F. L. (ed.) (2005) ''Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church'', 3rd ed. Oxford University Press ISBN 978-0-19-280290-3, article "John the Baptist, St"〕 and a major religious figure〔Funk, Robert W. & the Jesus Seminar (1998). ''The Acts of Jesus: the search for the authentic deeds of Jesus.'' San Francisco: Harper; "John the Baptist" cameo, p. 268〕 in Christianity, Islam, the Bahá'í Faith, and Mandaeism. He is called a prophet by all of these traditions, and a saint in many Christian traditions. John used baptism as the central sacrament of his messianic movement.〔sacrament (2009). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved May 20, 2009, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online:http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/515366/sacrament〕 Most scholars agree that John baptized Jesus.〔Charles M. Sennott, ''The body and the blood'', Public Affairs Pub, 2003. p 234 (Google Link ) 〕〔''Jesus as a figure in history: how modern historians view the man from Galilee''. Mark Allan Powell, published by Westminster John Knox Press, page 47 ("Few would doubt the basic fact...Jesus was baptized by John" )〕 Scholars generally believe Jesus was a follower or disciple of John〔Sanders, E.P. (1985) ''Jesus and Judaism''. Philadelphia: Fortress Press; p. 91〕〔James D. G. Dunn, ''Jesus Remembered'' (Eerdmans, 2003) page 350.〕〔Robert L. Webb, 'John the Baptist and his relationship to Jesus', in Bruce David Chilton, Craig Alan Evans, ''Studying the Historical Jesus: Evaluations of the State of Current Research'' (BRILL, 1998) page 219.〕 and several New Testament accounts report that some of Jesus' early followers had previously been followers of John.〔Harris, Stephen L. (1985) Understanding the Bible. Palo Alto: Mayfield 〕 John the Baptist is also mentioned by the Jewish historian Josephus.〔Flavius Josephus, ''Antiquities of the Jews'' 18.5.2 〕 Some scholars maintain that John was influenced by the semi-ascetic Essenes, who expected an apocalypse and practiced rituals corresponding strongly with baptism,〔Harris, Stephen L. (1985) ''Understanding the Bible''. Palo Alto: Mayfield; p. 382〕 although no direct evidence substantiates this. According to the New Testament, John anticipated a messianic figure greater than himself,〔Funk, Robert W. & the Jesus Seminar (1998). ''The Acts of Jesus: the search for the authentic deeds of Jesus.''San Francisco: Harper; "Mark," pp. 51–161.〕 and Jesus was the one whose coming John foretold. Christians commonly refer to John as the precursor or forerunner of Jesus, since John announces Jesus' coming. John is also identified with the prophet Elijah.〔Stephen L. Harris, Understanding the Bible. Palo Alto: Mayfield. 1985. ISBN 1-55934-655-8 〕 ==Gospel narratives== John the Baptist is mentioned in all four canonical Gospels and the non-canonical Gospel of the Nazarenes. The Synoptic Gospels (Mark, Matthew, and Luke) describe John baptising Jesus; in the Gospel of John it is implied. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John the Baptist」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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